What You'll See:
In this sequence, you'll see a dominant herd bull still "in charge" of a large group of cows, but acting much more tolerant of satellite bulls than he likely was in the weeks prior. You'll see the herd bull scent-checking the cows looking for any last remaining cows coming into estrous, and you'll hear a number of bulls bugling in hopes of attracting any remaining receptive cows. The overall activity level of the bulls is much more subdued than earlier in the month, however.

Like the "Early Morning Bugling Bulls" video, this sequence provides a great example of the different vocal signatures/vocal expressions different bulls can have. The herd bull in this video has a very unique vocal signature!

Setting the Stage:
This sequence was filmed in late-September, and—at least for this region of Colorado in 2011—most of the cows were already bred. As such, harems were starting to "break down," cows were starting to group back up, and bulls were starting to become a little more tolerant of one another. As the group fed their way out of their bedding areas in the timber below, they started converging on the spot seen in the video.

Viewing / Listening Tips:
Unlike some of the other Gallery videos, most of the vocalizations in this sequence can be heard well without the aid of headphones or earbuds.

Vocalizations within parenthesis are those made by animals OFF-SCREEN, with those without parenthesis being made by animals ON-SCREEN. Black text indicates cow vocalizations, white text indicates bull vocalizations.

Vocalizations:
Levels 2 & 3 Contact Bugles, Levels 2 & 3 Dominant Bugles, Check Bugles, Excited Chuckles, Moans, Huffs, Glunks, Contact Mews, Lost Mews, and Whines