Moans are generally medium-pitched, drawn-out vocalizations that last one or more seconds in length. They can range from a single, monotone note, to
a slightly "wavy" sounding vocalization. Moans generally have a "clean" sounding tonal quality to them, and often end with "breathy" sounds as the bull
cuts off the vocalization. Depending on the situation, Moans can express, anticipation, frustration, or apprehension about something they heard from
another elk, or a situation they're in, or anticipate being in.

Groans are generally medium- to low-pitched, drawn-out vocalizations that last one or more seconds in length. They can range from a single, monotone
note, to a slightly "wavy" sounding vocalization. Groans generally have a "growly" sounding tonal quality to them; you can distinguish a "Groan" from a
"Moan" by remembering that GRRRoans GRRRowl. In most cases, Groans express frustration about something they heard from another elk, or a situation
they're in, or anticipate being in.